1.

               Visual Studio is the full package of IDE and languages that Microsoft supports.Microsoft used to sell languages individually, and it used the naming system of calling each one “Visual,” like Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual C#. Since then, it’s packaged the languages together into one developer package, so you can choose which language you want to use without having to buy/download and install each one. It’s continued referring to Visual Basic by its old name.
There are more languages out there that support .Net than the ones Microsoft publishes. I know that from working with .Net many years ago. I haven’t worked with .Net since, but I have confidence that there still are more than what Microsoft produces.

2.


              There is a huge difference between them. It’s like asking what’s the difference between a wood-workshop and pile of lumber. They aren’t the same thing except that you use one to build something with the other.
             Visual Studio is the environment where you build a program. Visual basic is the language, the raw material you use to build that program. There was a time when you didn’t need anything more than Notepad to build a Basic program because it was an interpreted language and didn’t need to be complied. Now-a-days you can’t do that. However, you can still write a web page with Notepad, including any JavaScript or VBScript; depending on your preference.
You don’t have to use Visual Studio as there are many other compilers that can be used to program in VB or C# or C/C++, HTML and possibly F# but I don’t know of any that allow you to program all of these in the same environment. Plus, there is a pretty good Debug environment in VS so you don’t need a third party app to do that.
             If you really wanted to, and you know what you’re doing, you can even write in machine language. Possible, but I wouldn’t suggest it.

 3.  
             The very first thing you should know is the difference between a programming language and an IDE .
An IDE is an Integrated Development Environment . It is a package of Compilers required platform and other debugger tools and many other tools for performance evaluation which are very helpful for programmers.
             So Visual Studio is an IDE by Microsoft and has many uses and is various levels . It has also a version for Linux users. I has Net framework and supports Common Language Runtime [CLR]. It is primarily used by C# Developers and contains my complicated features to develop complicated applications.

Writer:- @ProTeacherForYou